What is the basic composition and origin of cement?

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(N/A) Cement is an important building material. It was first introduced in England in $1824$ by Joseph Aspdin.
It is commonly called Portland cement because it resembles the natural limestone quarried in the Isle of Portland,England.
Cement is a product obtained by combining a material rich in lime $(CaO)$ with other materials such as clay,which contains silica $(SiO_{2})$ along with the oxides of aluminium,iron,and magnesium.

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